Photovoltaic Solar Market Shares, Strategies, and Forecasts, Worldwide, 2010-2016

Table of Contents

Photovoltaic Solar Executive Summary

Solar Technology Executive Summary ES-1

Solar Energy Market Driving Forces ES-1

Solar Energy Market Shares ES-3

Photovoltaic Solar Energy Market Forecasts ES-5

Solar Industry Outlook ES-6

100 Successful Trials And Reference Accounts ES-7

Solar Utility Market Driving Forces ES-8

Commercial Solar ES-9

Photovoltaic Solar Market Description And Market Dynamics

1. Solar Technology Market Description and Market Dynamics 1-1

1.1 Solar Technologies 1-1

1.1.1 Research Initiatives 1-2

1.1.2 Thin Film Material Layers 1-3

1.2 Photovoltaic Conversion Of Sun Light 1-4

1.2.1 Solar Panel Orientation 1-6

1.3 Thin Film Solar Materials 1-8

1.4 Sunlight Intensity in Various Regions 1-9

1.4.1 Sunshine Index 1-13

1.4.2 Economics of PV 1-14

1.5 Variety of Solar Panel Installations 1-16

1.5.1 Off-Grid Systems: 1-21

1.6 Solar Technology 1-25

1.6.1 Cost-Competitive Solar 1-25

1.6.2 Crystalline-Silicon Panels 1-27

1.6.3 Thin-Film Solar 1-27

1.6.4 Silicon or CIGS 1-28

1.7 World's Largest PV Installation German Solar 1-31

1.8 The Basics of Solar Electricity 1-33

1.9 Utility Power Positioning 1-35

1.9.1 Utility Solar Decision Making 1-36

1.10 U.S. Building Construction Industry 1-38

1.11 Silicon Panels Harvest More Energy 1-41

1.11.1 Solar Real Estate 1-42

1.12 Smart Electric Grid Overhaul: Utility 1-43

1.12.1 IBM Smart Grid 1-43

1.12.2 U.S. Electric Grid Needs Major Overhaul: Utility 1-44

1.12.3 Flexible Solar Cells With Silicon Wires 1-44

1.13 Competition and Advanced PV Technologies 1-46

1.14 Parts Of The Solar Cell Manufacturing Process 1-47

1.14.1 Silicon Crystal Growing or Casting Plants 1-47

1.14.2 Solar Cell Plants 1-49

1.14.3 Module Assembly Plants 1-51

1.14.4 Systems Assembly 1-52

1.15 Greenhouse Gases 1-53

1.16 Productionizing Technologies 1-53

1.17 Era Of Cheap Energy 1-55

1.17.1 Unprecedented Level Of Development Worldwide 1-56

1.17.2 Population Increases 1-57

1.18 Tackling Climate Change 1-57

1.19 Power From the Sun 1-58

1.19.1 PV Industry 1-59

1.19.2 SGS Solar Services 1-60

Photovoltaic Solar Market Shares And Market Forecasts

2. Solar Technology Market Shares and Forecasts 2-1

2.1 Solar Energy Market Driving Forces 2-1

2.2 Solar Energy Market Shares 2-3

2.2.1 First Solar Thin Film Monolithic Integration On Glass 2-6

2.2.2 Sharp Solar Cells 2-6

2.2.3 Sharp Increasing The Size Of The Output To

Maintain Leading Market Share 2-8

2.2.4 Trina Solar Limited Square Monocrystalline Cell 2-9

2.2.5 SolarWorld Residential 2-10

2.2.6 Suntech Solar Cells 2-11

2.2.7 Canadian Solar 2-13

2.2.8 BP Solar Core Markets Monocrystalline And

Multicrystalline Cells 2-14

2.2.9 LDK 2-14

2.2.10 Yingli 2-15

2.2.11 CIGS 2-15

2.2.12 Q-Cells CIGS Module Positioning 2-16

2.2.13 Ascent Solar Semiconductor Deposition 2-16

2.2.14 NanoSolar and MiaSole Thin Film Technology 2-17

2.2.15 Ascent Solar Thin Film Photovoltaic Devices

CIGS (Copper Indium Gallium Selenide). 2-17

2.2.16 Shenzhen Sunshine Electronics Manufacturing

Solar Lighting 2-18

2.3 Photovoltaic Solar Energy Market Forecasts 2-18

2.3.1 Solar Industry Outlook 2-21

2.3.2 100 Successful Trials And Reference Accounts 2-21

2.3.3 Solar Utility Market Driving Forces 2-23

2.3.4 Grid Parity 2-28

2.4 Multiple, Large, Working Solar Energy Installations 2-40

2.5 Commercial Solar 2-41

2.5.1 Residential Solar 2-54

2.5.2 Government, Enterprise, and Capital Market

Funding of Solar Energy Initiatives 2-61

2.5.3 President Obama’s Energy Plan 2-62

2.5.4 Crystalline Modules vs. Thin Film Solar 2-66

2.5.5 Monocrystalline Modules 2-70

2.5.6 CdTe Thin Film Technology 2-74

2.5.7 CIGS Thin Film Technology Photovoltaic Effect 2-80

2.5.8 CIGS On Glass 2-81

2.5.9 Thin Film Vs. Monocrystalline or Polycrystalline 2-81

2.5.10 Solar Market Transitions 2-83

2.5.11 Solar Energy Conversion Efficiency 2-85

2.5.12 Solar Energy Megawatts Shipped 2-88

2.5.13 Solar Energy Cost per Watt 2-91

2.5.14 Solar Manufacturing Capacity 2-91

2.5.15 Shenzhen Sunshine Electronics Manufacturing Capacity 2-93

2.5.16 Solarfun 2010 Capacity Expansion 2-93

2.5.17 Solar Manufacturing Run Rate 2-95

2.5.18 Solar Module Conversion Efficiency 2-95

2.6 PV Technology, Production and Cost, 2009 Forecast 2-103

Photovoltaic Solar Product Description

3. Solar Product Description 3-1

3.1 Commercial Solar 3-1

3.2 First Solar Commercial Systems 3-2

3.2.1 First Solar Positioning 3-3

3.2.2 First Solar Energy High Performance. High Volume 3-4

3.2.3 First Solar Commercial-Scale Solutions 3-6

3.2.4 First Solar Largest Solar Power Plant Built In

China by Americans 3-12

3.3 Trina Solar 3-12

3.4 Energy From Trina Solar Modules 3-14

3.4.1 Trina Solar Monocrystalline Modules 3-16

3.4.2 Trina Solar TSM-PC05, 215W to 235W

Multicrystalline Module 3-21

3.5 Q Cells 3-39

3.5.1 Q-Cells CIGS Modules 3-39

3.5.2 Q Cells Cdte Solar Modules 3-50

3.6 Sharp 3-50

3.6.1 Sharp Solar Cell With The Highest Efficiency Of

Conversion In The World 3-54

3.6.2 Sharp Mass Production Of Solar Cells 3-54

3.7 Mia Sole 3-56

3.7.1 Mia Sole Thin Film CIGS Solar 3-56

3.7.2 MiaSolé’s CIGS Solar Cell 3-59

3.7.3 Miasolé CIGS-Based Thin Film Solar Panel Manufacturing 3-62

3.8 Nanosolar 3-64

3.8.1 Nanosolar Commercial Production 3-65

3.9 Palios Flexible Glass 3-65

3.10 BYD 3-67

3.10.1 China BYD to invest $3.3 billion in solar battery plant 3-67

3.11 Armageddon Energy 3-68

3.12 United Solar Ovonic 3-68

3.13 NuvoSun 3-68

3.13.1 Dow Chemical / NuvoSun 3-69

3.14 Kyocera 3-70

3.15 SunWize Technologies 3-77

3.16 Sanyo 3-78

3.16.1 Sanyo Hit Solar Panels 3-79

3.17 REC 3-83

3.18 Canadian Solar 3-86

3.19 GE Solar Panel 3-87

3.20 BP Solar 3-88

3.20.1 British Petroleum BP Solar Panels 3-88

3.21 SolarWorld 3-90

3.22 Suntech 3-91

3.22.1 Suntech HiPerformaTM Modules 3-93

3.22.2 Suntech Solar Cells 3-96

3.23 Uni-Solar 3-97

3.24 HelioVolt 3-97

3.25 Ascent Solar 3-98

3.26 Ascent Solar 3-99

3.27 Solarion Process 3-100

3.28 Global Solar 3-101

3.29 JA Solar 3-101

3.30 Suniva Solar Cells Set For Aerotropolis Atlanta 3-101

3.30.1 Suniva 3-103

3.30.2 Suniva® Intersection Of High Efficiency And Low Cost 3-103

3.30.3 Suniva Collaborating in Solar 3-103

3.30.4 Suniva Product Offerings: 3-105

3.30.5 Suniva Intersection of High Efficiency and Low Cost 3-111

3.31 Utility-Scale Solar Solutions 3-114

3.32 First Solar Utility-Scale Solutions 3-114

3.33 Trina Solar Utility 3-118

3.34 Kyocera Solar Utility 3-120

3.35 Sharp Utility Solar Installation 3-123

3.35.1 Sharp Utility-Scale Products 3-125

3.36 Scatec Solar 3-128

3.36.1 Scatec Solar Utility Project Development Phase 3-130

3.37 Residential Solar 3-132

3.38 Sharp Residential 3-133

3.38.1 Sharp OnEnergy™ Roof-Mounted

Solar Electric Systems 3-134

3.38.2 Sharp High-Power Monocrystalline

Residential Solar Modules 3-135

3.39 First Solar U.S. Residential and Small

Commercial Solutions 3-136

3.40 SolarCity 3-138

3.41 Scatec Solar Residential 3-138

3.42 Solar Energy Initiatives 3-142

3.43 SolarWorld Residential 3-144

3.44 Consumer Solar 3-150

3.45 G24 Innovations 3-150

3.45.1 G24 The Solar Power Lamp 3-152

3.46 Smart Grid 3-155

3.47 Petra Solar Pole Based Solar Collectors 3-156

Photovoltaic Solar Technology

4. Solar Strategy, Technology, And

Industry Specific Applications 4-1

4.1 Solar Panel Technologies 4-1

4.1.1 Thin Film Solar Cells Amorphous Silicon 4-2

4.1.2 Thin Film Solar Cells Cadmium Telluride 4-2

4.1.3 Thin Film Solar Cells CIGS

(Copper Indium Gallium Selenide) 4-3

4.1.4 Miasolé Copper-Indium-Gallium-Diselenide Films

Conversion Efficiency Confirmation From NREL 4-3

4.1.5 Thin-Film On Glass Substrate 4-5

4.1.6 Ascent Solar Putting CIGS On A Polymeric Or

Plastic Substrate 4-5

4.1.7 First Solar Monolithic Integration On Glass 4-5

4.1.8 Substrate Discussion 4-10

4.1.9 First Solar Modules Cadmium Telluride (CdTe)

Semiconductor Material 4-10

4.2 Trina Solar Silicon Panels 4-21

4.3 Q Cells Technology 4-22

4.4 SunTech 4-23

4.5 CIGS Photovoltaic Effect 4-24

4.5.1 Crystalline Silicon Indirect Band-Gap Semiconductor 4-24

4.5.2 Solar Thin Film Substrates 4-25

4.5.3 Gettering in Large-Grained Thin Polycrystalline

Silicon Films on Glass Substrate 4-26

4.5.4 EPV Solar Contracts Deliver 300 Megawatts

Of Thin-Film Panels Through 2012. 4-27

4.5.5 Nanosolar 4-27

4.5.6 HelioVolt 4-27

4.5.7 First Solar 4-27

4.5.8 Photovoltaic Technologies: Single Crystal,

Polycrystalline and Thin Film 4-27

4.5.9 Single Crystal and Polycrystalline 4-27

4.5.10 Thin Film Panels 4-29

4.6 Shading 4-31

4.7 Third-Generation Thin-Film Solar Applications 4-33

4.8 Flexible Glass Solar Panels 4-34

4.9 Polysilicon Producers 4-37

4.9.1 Emerging Global Solar Polysilicon Producers 4-39

4.10 Inverter and Micro Inverter Markets 4-40

Photovoltaic Solar Company Profiles

5. Solar Company Profiles 5-1

5.1 Selected Solar Companies 5-1

5.2 A-Power 5-1

5.3 Abengoa Solar 5-1

5.4 Anwell Technologies 5-2

5.5 Areva / Ausra 5-2

5.5.1 Areva New Strategy 5-3

5.6 Ascent Solar Technologies 5-3

5.6.1 Ascent Solar Technologies Completed Construction

Of A 1.5 MW Production Line 5-4

5.7 BP 5-7

5.7.1 BP brands 5-7

5.7.2 BP Solar Revenue 5-10

5.7.3 BP Solar 5-12

5.7.4 TATA BP Solar 5-13

5.8 BYD 5-14

5.9 China Sunergy 5-15

5.10 Canadian Solar 5-16

5.11 China Guangdong Nuclear Wind Power Company 5-19

5.12 Conergy AG - 5-19

5.12.1 Conergy Solar System Integration 5-20

5.12.2 Conergy Sale of Solar Water Pump Division to

Innovative Solar Solutions 5-20

5.12.3 Conergy and MEMC Agreement 5-20

5.13 Corning 5-21

5.13.1 Corning A Growth Company 5-22

5.13.2 Corning Worldwide LCD TV 5-22

5.13.3 Other Corning Businesses 5-23

5.13.4 Corning 2010 Market Strength 5-23

5.13.5 Corning Specialty Materials Segment Gorilla

Scratch-Resistant Cover Glass 5-24

5.13.6 Corning Fourth-Quarter Revenue 5-25

5.14 Developers Diversified Realty (DDR) 5-25

5.15 Daqo New Energy 5-26

5.16 Dow Chemical 5-26

5.16.1 Dow Chemical / NuvoSun 5-27

5.17 Dyesol 5-28

5.18 Energy Conversion Devices / United Solar Ovonic 5-29

5.18.1 Energy Conversion Devices Revenues 5-30

5.18.2 Energy Conversion Devices 1.87 Megawatt Uni-

Solar Installation on Flanders Expo Hall in Belgium 5-31

5.18.3 Energy Conversion Devices Integrated And

Commercial Rooftop Photovoltaics 5-32

5.19 ET Solar 5-35

5.19.1 ET Solar Vertically Integrated Solar Energy 5-36

5.19.2 ET Solar / USE: 5-37

5.20 Evergreen Solar 5-37

5.20.1 Evergreen Solar's Quarterly Loss Widens 5-37

5.20.2 Evergreen Solar String Ribbon™ Solar Panels 5-39

5.21 First Solar 5-40

5.21.1 First Solar Comprehensive Photovoltaic (PV)

System Solutions 5-41

5.21.2 PNM Electric Utility, First Solar Contract

for 22 Megawatts of Utility Scale Solar Power for New Mexico 5-49

5.21.3 First Solar Competitive Positioning in Thin Film 5-52

5.21.4 First Solar Revenue 5-52

5.21.5 First Solar Partners 5-58

5.21.6 First Solar Strategy 5-59

5.22 G24 5-64

5.22.1 G24I Dye Sensitized Solar Cell Technology Platform 5-66

5.23 GreenWing 5-67

5.24 HelioVolt 5-67

5.25 Hoku Scientific 5-67

5.25.1 Hoku Scientific 5-68

5.26 Honda 5-69

5.26.1 Honda Solar Power 5-70

5.26.2 Honda Soltec 5-74

5.27 JinkoSolar 5-74

5.28 Juwi 5-74

5.29 Kyocera 5-75

5.29.1 Kyocera Solar 5-76

5.29.2 Kyocera Supplies. 40 MW at Large-Scale

Solar Power Plants in Spain 5-77

5.30 LDK Solar 5-81

5.30.1 LDK Solar Revenue 5-83

5.30.2 LDK Solar and Q-Cells Continuation of Supply Contract 5-86

5.31 Masdar PV 5-89

5.31.1 Masdar PV Si thin film module 1,4m² 5-91

5.32 MEMC 5-92

5.32.1 MEMC Electronic Materials / SunEdison 5-93

5.32.2 MEMC / SunEdison and Developers Diversified

Realty National Rooftop Solar Program. 5-93

5.32.3 MEMC / SunEdison’s REIT Solar Program Power Hosting 5-94

5.33 MiaSolé 5-95

5.33.1 Miasolé Technology Problems Fixed: 5-95

5.33.2 Miasolé Financing & Underwriting 5-98

5.33.3 MiaSolé Commercial Shipments to Multiple Customers 5-99

5.34 Mitsubishi Solar Panels 5-100

5.35 Oerlikon Solar 5-103

5.35.1 Oerlikon Coating 5-103

5.35.2 Oerlikon Coating Business Units /

Market Areas / Applications 5-105

5.36 Petra Solar 5-105

5.37 PNM 5-106

5.38 Q Cells 5-106

5.38.1 Q-Cells Revenue Development 5-111

5.39 Ranking Solar 5-113

5.40 Samsung 5-114

5.41 Sanyo 5-114

5.42 Scatec Solar 5-115

5.42.1 Scatec Solar Engaging In Rural Electrification In

Emerging Markets 5-118

5.43 Schott 5-118

5.43.1 Schott Business 5-119

5.44 Sharp 5-120

5.44.1 Sharp LCD 5-120

5.44.2 Sharp Solar Cell Plant 5-121

5.44.3 Sharp Thin-Film Solar Cell Facilities 5-122

5.44.4 Sharp Revenue 5-124

5.45 Shell Oil 5-126

5.46 Solar Energy Initiatives 5-129

5.47 Shenzhen Sunshine Electronics 5-130

5.48 Singulus Technologies 5-136

5.49 SMA Solar Technology AG 5-136

5.50 SMA Solar 5-137

5.51 Solyndra 5-138

5.51.1 Solyndra: 1.9 MW Project Installed 5-139

5.52 Staples (SPLS) 5-140

5.53 Solarfun 5-141

5.53.1 Solarfun Third Quarter 2009 Revenue 5-142

5.53.2 Solarfun Revenue First Quarter 2009 5-143

5.53.3 Solarfun PV Module Contracts Total 12.65 MW in China 5-144

5.53.4 Solarfun 2010 Capacity Expansion 5-145

5.53.5 Solarfun to Build 100MW Solar Power

Plant in Jiayuguan City, Gansu Province 5-145

5.54 Solar Fusion Power 5-146

5.55 SolarWorld 5-148

5.55.1 Solar World Revenue 5-149

5.55.2 SolarWorld’s Sun Modules 5-151

5.55.3 Solar World Revenues 5-152

5.56 Sun Fields Europe 5-156

5.57 SolFocus 5-156

5.57.1 SolFocus GreenWing Energy Has Agreement with

Utility Scale Deployments of Concentrator

Photovoltaic (CPV) Systems 5-156

5.57.2 SolFocus Raises over $77 Million 5-158

5.58 Stirling Solar 5-160

5.59 Suniva Inc. 5-160

5.60 SunTech 5-161

5.61 SunPower 5-167

5.61.1 SunPower Revenue 5-168

5.61.2 SunPower Revenue 5-170

5.61.3 SunPower Acquires SunRay 5-170

5.62 Telio Solar / Telconord - Agencia de Energías Renovables 5-171

5.63 Tianwei 5-172

5.64 Trina Solar 5-172

5.64.1 Trina Solar Photovoltaics (PV) Modules 5-173

5.64.2 Trina Solar Net Revenues 5-175

5.64.3 Trina Solar Customers 5-176

5.64.4 Trina Solar Production Process 5-176

5.65 Yingli 5-178

5.65.1 Yingli Green Energy Revenue 5-178

5.65.2 Yingli Addresses U.S. Solar Market 5-179

5.66 Xinjiang Goldwind 5-180

5.67 Solar Energy Dealers 5-181

5.68 Solar Energy Companies 5-183

5.68.1 Top 10 Solar Panel Manufacturers in USA 5-190

5.68.2 Solar Companies 5-191

Photovoltaic Solar Regional Analysis

6 Solar Regional Analysis 6-1

6.1 Photovoltaics Solar Regional Analysis 6-1

6.2 U.S. PV Market Becomes Global Demand Leader by 2012: 6-5

6.3 Solar Regional Markets 6-13

6.3.1 US Solar Regional Initiatives 6-14

6.3.2 Denver Airport Plans Solar Power For Its Fuel Farm 6-14

6.3.3 Texas Citizens Want More Renewable Energy 6-15

6.3.4 Edison Utility Takes Part in Large Solar Power Projects 6-16

6.3.5 German Solar Subsidies 6-17

6.3.6 Germany Cuts Its Solar Feed-In Tariff 6-20

6.3.7 German Solar Cell Producers 6-22

6.3.8 Solar Market in Germany 6-22

6.3.9 Italian Solar Market 6-27

6.3.10 French Solar Market 6-27

6.3.11 EDFEN & First Solar To Build 100-MW

Solar Manufacturing Plant in France 6-28

6.3.12 European Solar Project Developer Epuron 6-29

6.3.13 Japanese Utilities Switching to Solar Power Sources 6-29

6.3.14 Australian Electricity Generated 1/5 From

Green Sources By 2020 6-30

6.3.15 Largest Solar Power Plant Built In China by Americans 6-31

6.3.16 China Solar Positioning 6-32

6.3.17 Solar Roadside Electric Charging Stations In Brazil 6-35

6.3.18 India 6-36

6.3.19 New Zealand National Electricity Generator

Buys a US Solar Power Plant 6-40

Concentrated Solar Power (CSP)

7 Concentrated Solar Power (CSP) 7-1

7.1 Concentrated Solar Power (CSP) 7-1

7.1.1 Components Of A CSP System 7-2

7.1.2 Parabolic Trough 7-3

7.1.3 Parabolic Dish 7-4

7.1.4 Central Tower 7-6

7.1.5 Solar Furnace 7-7

7.1.6 Solar Radiation Types Of Receiver 7-8

7.2 Uses Of CSP Technology 7-8

7.3 Decentralised Generation 7-10

7.4 Solar Air Conditioning 7-11

7.4.1 Solar Air Conditioning Sorbent 7-11

7.4.2 Refrigerant Circulation Systems Differentiated Processes 7-11

7.5 Go Solar California 7-14

7.5.1 Power The World From Desert 7-15

7.6 Key Elements In A Solar Cell 7-15

7.6.1 Emcore Magnifies Solar Energy 7-17

7.6.2 CPV Utility Positioning 7-18

Photovoltaic Large Utility Solar Plants

8. Large Utility Solar Plants 8-1

8. Solar Strategy, Technology, And Industry Specific Applications 8-1

List of Tables and Figures

Photovoltaic Solar Executive Summary

Table ES-1 ES-2

Solar Energy Market Driving Forces

Figure ES-2 ES-4

Solar Energy Panel Shipments Market Shares,

Worldwide, Dollars, 2009

Figure ES-3 ES-6

Solar Panel Photovoltaic Market Forecasts, Dollars,

Worldwide, 2010-2016

Photovoltaic Solar Market Description And Market Dynamics

Figure 1-1 1-4

Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems

Figure 1-2 1-5

Flisom thin-film technology for flexible CIGS solar cells

Figure 1-3 1-7

Solar Panel Azimuth Angle and Magnetic Declination

Figure 1-4 1-9

Nanocrystalline Silicon Layers

Figure 1-5 1-10

Average Solar Irradiance

Figure 1-6 1-11

Regional Power Output Levels Per kw Of Generation Using

GE Solar Electric Power Systems

Figure 1-7 1-11

Map of Solar Electricity Potential In Europe

Figure 1-8 1-13

Sunshine Index, U.S.

Figure 1-9 1-15

US Average Daily Solar Energy Received By A Latitude

Tilt Photovoltaic Cell

Figure 1-10 1-16

Solar Covered Roof

Table 1-11 1-17

Solar Energy Generated as a Function of Installation Type

Figure 1-12 1-18

Alternative Siteing of Solar Panels

Figure 1-13 1-19

Arizona Springerville Generating Station Solar System28-

Acre Field Of PV Panels

Figure 1-14 1-20

PV In Standalone Devices Solar Parking Meter

Figure 1-15 1-22

Phases of Migration to Sustainable Solar Markets

Figure 1-16 1-23

Public Policy to Encourage Sustainable Economics

Table 1-17 1-24

Sustainable Solar Energy Market Aspects

Figure 1-18 1-29

Australian Government Solar Technology Testing

Figure 1-19 1-31

Germany's Biggest Solar Installation, in Lieberose.

German Tariff Cuts To Solar

Figure 1-20 1-34

Solar Energy Module

Table 1-21 1-40

Building And Construction Market Shifts Around Solar Energy

Table 1-22 1-47

Parts Of The Solar Cell Manufacturing Process

Table 1-23 1-60

Description Of Solar Services

Figure 1-24 1-61

High-Tech Solar Cell Production at Deutsche Cell GmbH;

Freiberg/Saxony

Figure 1-25 1-62

High-Tech Solar Production At Deutsche Cell GmbH; Freiberg/Saxony

Photovoltaic Solar Market Shares and Market Forecasts

Table 2-1 2-2

Solar Energy Market Driving Forces

Figure 2-2 2-4

Solar Energy Panel Shipments Market Shares, Worldwide, Dollars, 2009

Table 2-3 2-5

Solar Energy Photovoltaic Panel Shipments Market Shares,

Worldwide, Dollars, 2009

Figure 2-4 2-12

Suntech Solar Cells

Table 2-5 2-16

Q-Cells CIGS Module Positioning

Figure 2-6 2-19

Solar Panel Photovoltaic Market Forecasts, Dollars,

Worldwide, 2010-2016

Table 2-7 2-19

Photovoltaic Solar Panel Market Forecasts, Units and

Dollars, 2010-2016 (Next Page)

Table 2-8 2-23

Solar Energy Market Competitive Strengths

Figure 2-9 2-24

Solar Energy Utility Panel Shipments Market Shares,

Worldwide, Dollars, 2009

Table 2-10 2-25

Solar Utility Panels Shipments Market Shares, Worldwide, Dollars, 2009

Figure 2-11 2-26

Solar Panel Utility Photovoltaic Market Forecasts,

Worldwide, Dollars, 2010-2016

Figure 2-12 2-27

Utility Solar Panel Photovoltaic Market Forecasts,

Worldwide, Units, 2010-2016

Table 2-13 2-28

Photovoltaic Solar Panel Utility Market Forecasts,

Units and Dollars, 2010-2016

Figure 2-14 2-30

First Solar Module Roadmap to Grid Parity

Figure 2-15 2-32

Photovoltaic Solar Gigawatts Installed Forecasts,

Worldwide, Megawatts, 2010-2016

Figure 2-16 2-33

Photovoltaic Solar Megawatts Shipped Forecasts,

Worldwide, Megawatts, 2010-2016

Figure 2-17 2-34

Dollars per Kilowatt Hour Solar Shipment When

Looked At Over 25 Years Forecasts, Worldwide, Dollars, 2010-2016

Figure 2-18 2-35

Photovoltaic Percent Advantage Solar Panel Amortized

Costs vs. Retail Grid Electricity Prices to Customers,

Return on Investment, 25 Year Life, Market Forecasts,

Percent, Worldwide, 2010-2016

Table 2-19 2-36

Solar Photovoltaic Dollars per Megawatt per 25 Year

Expected Life of EquipmentShipments, Worldwide, 2009-2016

Table 2-20 2-37

Solar Photovoltaic Dollars per Megawatt per Year Over

Useful Life of Equipment Shipments, Worldwide, 2009-2016

Figure 2-21 2-38

Photovoltaic Solar Grid Parity Electricity Costs Market

Forecasts, Dollars, Worldwide, 2010-2016

Figure 2-22 2-39

Price Parity for Sustainable Markets

Table 2-23 2-42

Commercial Solar Energy Market Driving Forces

Table 2-24 2-42

Commercial Solar Energy Market Driving Forces

Table 2-24 (Continued) 2-43

Commercial Solar Energy Market Driving Forces

Table 2-24 (Continued) 2-44

Commercial Solar Energy Market Driving Forces

Figure 2-25 2-45

Solar Energy Commercial Panel Shipments Market Shares,

Worldwide, Dollars, 2009

Table 2-26 2-46

Solar Commercial Panels Shipments Market Shares,

Worldwide, Dollars, 2009

Figure 2-27 2-47

Solar Panel Commercial Photovoltaic Market Forecasts,

Worldwide, Dollars, 2010-2016

Figure 2-28 2-48

Commercial Solar Panel Photovoltaic Market Forecasts,

Worldwide, Units, 2010-2016

Table 2-29 2-49

Photovoltaic Solar Panel Commercial Market Forecasts,

Units and Dollars, 2010-2016

Figure 2-30 2-50

Photovoltaic Solar Lighting Market Shares, Worldwide, Dollars, 2009

Table 2-31 2-51

Solar Lighting

Market Shares, Worldwide, Dollars, 2009

Figure 2-32 2-52

Solar Panel Lighting Photovoltaic Market Forecasts, Worldwide,

Dollars, 2010-2016

Figure 2-33 2-53

Lighting Solar Panel Photovoltaic Market Forecasts, Worldwide,

Units, 2010-2016

Table 2-34 2-54

Photovoltaic Solar Panel Lighting Market Forecasts, Units and

Dollars, 2010-2016

Figure 2-35 2-56

Solar Energy Residential Panel Shipments Market Shares,

Worldwide, Dollars, 2009

Table 2-36 2-57

Solar Residential Panels

Shipments Market Shares, Worldwide, Dollars, 2009

Figure 2-37 2-59

Residential Solar Panel Photovoltaic Market Forecasts, Dollars,

Worldwide, 2010-2016

Figure 2-38 2-60

Residential Solar Panel Photovoltaic Market Forecasts,

Worldwide, Units, 2010-2016

Table 2-39 2-61

Photovoltaic Solar Panel Residential Market Forecasts,

Units and Dollars, 2010-2016

Table 2-40 2-62

President Obama’s Energy Plan Calls For:

Table 2-40 (Continued) 2-63

President Obama’s Energy Plan Calls For:

Table 2-41 2-65

Driving Forces for Solar to Replace Oil As The Primary Fuel

Figure 2-42 2-66

Thin Film vs. Crystalline Solar Panel Segment Shipments,

Worldwide, Dollars, 2009

Figure 2-43 2-67

Thin Film vs. Crystalline Solar Panel Segment Shipments,

Worldwide, Dollars, 2009

Table 2-44 2-68

Photovoltaic Monocrystalline, Poly-Crystalline, and

Multicrystalline vs. Thin Film CIGS and CdTe Solar

Panel Market Forecasts, Units and Dollars, Worldwide, 2010-2016

Figure 2-45 2-69

Solar Panel Photovoltaic Market Forecasts, Dollars,

Worldwide, 2010-2016

Table 2-46 2-70

Photovoltaic Solar Panel Total Market Forecasts,

Units and Dollars, 2010-2016

Figure 2-47 2-71

Photovoltaic Solar Monocrystalline, Poly-Crystalline,

and Multicrystalline Panels, Market Shares, 2009-2015

Table 2-48 2-72

Photovoltaic Solar Monocrystalline, Poly-Crystalline, and

Multicrystalline Technology Panel Market Shares,

Worldwide, Dollars, 2009

Figure 2-49 2-74

Photovoltaic Monocrystalline, Poly-Crystalline, and

Multicrystalline Solar Panel Market Forecasts, Dollars,

Worldwide, 2010-2016

Figure 2-50 2-76

Solar Thin Film Technology Market Shares, Worldwide,

Dollars, 2009

Table 2-51 2-77

Solar Thin Film Technology Market Shares, Worldwide,

Dollars, 2009

Figure 2-52 2-78

Thin Film CIGS and CdTe Solar Panel Market

Forecasts, Worldwide, 2010-2016

Table 2-53 2-79

Photovoltaic Monocrystalline, Poly-Crystalline, and

Multicrystalline vs. Thin Film CIGS and CdTe Solar Panel

Market Forecasts, Units and Dollars, Worldwide, 2010-2016

Figure 2-54 2-82

MiaSole CIGS Thin Film Solar Panel

Figure 2-55 2-84

First Solar Sustainable Cost Transition Through

Technology and Automated Process

Table 2-56 2-85

Solar Energy Conversion Efficiency

Table 2-56 (Continued) 2-86

Solar Energy Conversion Efficiency

Table 2-56 (Continued) 2-87

Solar Energy Conversion Efficiency

Table 2-57 2-89

Solar Energy Megawatts Shipped

Figure 2-58 2-90

Photovoltaic Solar Panel Installed Capacity European

Market Segments, Megawatts, 2009

Table 2-59 2-90

Photovoltaic Solar Panel Installed Capacity European

Market Segments, Megawatts, 2009

Table 2-60 2-91

Solar Energy Cost per Watt

Table 2-61 2-291

Solar Manufacturing Capacity

Table 2-61 (Continued) 2-92

Solar Manufacturing Capacity

Table 2-62 2-94

Solar Energy Capacity Company Ranking, 2009

Table 2-63 2-95

Solar Manufacturing Run Rate

Table 2-64 2-96

Solar Module Conversion Efficiency

Table 2-64 (Continued) 2-97

Solar Module Conversion Efficiency

Figure 2-65 2-98

Solarfun Modules Efficiencies

Figure 2-66 2-99

kWh Comparison at Installation Site Operated by Desert

Knowledge Australia Solar Centre

Figure 2-67 2-101

Capital Cost per Watt

Figure 2-68 2-102

Solar Panel Sustainable Competitive Cost Advantage

Targets, $ per Watt

Photovoltaic Solar Product Description

Table 3-1 3-3

Commercial Project Classifications

Figure 3-2 3-5

First Solar Capacity Expansion Plan

Figure 3-3 3-6

First Solar Commercial Projects

Figure 3-3 (Continued) 3-7

First Solar Commercial Projects

Figure 3-4 3-7

First Solar Commercial Rooftops

Figure 3-5 3-8

First Solar Modules

Figure 3-6 3-9

First Solar Modules Manufacturing

Figure 3-7 3-10

First Solar Installations

Figure 3-8 3-13

Trina Solar $/kWh

Figure 3-9 3-15

Trina Solar Australian Daily Solar Output by Month - Average.

Table 3-10 3-17

Trina Solar Product Benefits

Table 3-11 3-18

Trina Solar Product Features

Table 3-11 (Continued) 3-19

Trina Solar Product Features

Table 3-12 3-20

Trina Solar Products

Table 3-12 (Continued) 3-21

Trina Solar Products

Figure 3-13 3-23

Trina Solar Modules

Figure 3-14 3-24

Trina Solar Commercial Installations

Figure 3-14 (Continued) 3-25

Trina Solar Commercial Installations

Figure 3-14 (Continued) 3-26

Trina Solar Commercial Installations

Figure 3-14 (Continued) 3-27

Trina Solar Commercial Installations

Figure 3-14 (Continued) 3-28

Trina Solar Commercial Installations

Figure 3-14 (Continued) 3-29

Trina Solar Commercial Installations

Figure 3-14 (Continued) 3-30

Trina Solar Commercial Installations

Table 3-15 3-31

Examples of the Enereco Trina Solar Projects

Table 3-16 3-32

Examples of Trina Solar Gestamp Asetym and Other Solar Projects

Figure 3-17 3-36

Trina Solar Commercial Installations

Figure 3-17 (Continued) 3-37

Trina Solar Commercial Installations

Figure 3-17 (Continued) 3-38

Trina Solar Commercial Installations

Table 3-18 3-40

Q-Cells CIGS Module Positioning

Table 3-19 3-41

Q-Cells High Energy Yields For Cost-Efficiency

Figure 3-20 3-42

Q Cells CIGS Solar Modules

Table 3-21 3-43

Q-Cells Solar Panel Solid Quality ‘Made in Germany’

Table 3-22 3-44

Q-Cells Strengths of SL1 Modules:

Table 3-23 3-46

Q-Cells CIGS Solar Panel

Table 3-23 (Continued) 3-47

Q-Cells CIGS Solar Panel

Figure 3-24 3-48

Q-Cells CIGS Solar Panel

Table 3-25 3-49

Q-Cells Solar Panel CIGS Key Features:

Figure 3-26 3-50

Sharp Solar panels

Figure 3-27 3-53

Sharp Commercial Solar Installation

Figure 3-28 3-55

Sharp Panel

Figure 3-29 3-58

Miasole Cross Section of CIGS Material

Figure 3-30 3-60

MiaSolé CIGS Solar Cell Aspect

Figure 3-31 3-61

MiaSolé’s CIGS Solar Cell

Table 3-32 3-70

Kyocera Solar Panels

Figure 3-33 3-74

Kyocera Solar Panels

Figure 3-34 3-75

Kyocera's d.Blue Module Technology

Figure 3-35 3-81

Sanyo HIT Solar Cell

Figure 3-36 3-82

Sanyo Solar Panels

Figure 3-37 3-85

REC Solar Panels

Figure 3-37 3-87

Canadian Solar Panels

Figure 3-38 3-89

BP Solar Panels

Table 3-39 3-92

Suntech Pluto™ Cell Technology Key Features

Table 3-40 3-93

Suntech HiPerformaTM Modules

Figure 3-41 3-95

Suntech Solar Panel

Table 3-42 3-105

Suniva Product Offerings:

Figure 3-43 3-105

Suniva ARTisun Product Offerings Benefits:

Table 3-44 3-106

Suniva® ARTisun® 2bus Cells Benefits:

Table 3-45 3-107

Suniva Typical Cell Electrical Properties:

Table 3-46 3-107

Suniva Typical Cell Temperature Coefficients:

Table 3-47 3-108

Suniva ARTisunWafer and Cell Specifications and Geometry

Figure 3-48 3-109

Suniva ARTisun Cell Current Voltage a Function of Insulation

Table 3-49 3-112

Suniva® ARTisun® Series 3bus Cell Benefits:

Figure 3-50 3-113

Solarion's Copper-Indium-Gallium-(Di)Selenide Photovoltaic

Cells On A Plastic Substrate

Figure 3-51 3-114

First Solar Utility Project Profiles

Figure 3-52 3-115

First Solar Large Installations

Figure 3-53 3-117

First Solar US Utility Market

Figure 3-54 3-118

Trina Solar Onnuri PV Plant Naju Korea

Figure 3-55 3-119

Trina Solar Utility Installations

Figue 3-56 3-121

Kyocera Avanzalia Has Inaugurated Two New Spanish

Solar Power Plants

Figure 3-57 3-123

Kyocera Planta Solar de Don Quijote

Figure 3-58 3-124

Sharp Utility Solar Installation

Table 3-59 3-125

Sharp Solar Products

Table 3-60 3-127

Sharp Utility-Scale Solar Modules

Figure 3-61 3-128

Sharp Utility Scale Solar Installation

Figure 3-62 3-129

Scatec Solar Grid Connected Installation

Table 3-63 3-130

Scatec Solar Utility Project Development Phase

Table 3-64 3-131

Scatec Solar Utility Ground-Based Power Plant Components

Figure 3-65 3-133

Sharp Residential Solar Panels

Figure 3-66 3-136

First Solar Residential Installation

Figure 3-67 3-137

First Solar Residential Installation

Figure 3-68 3-137

First Solar Residential Installation

Figure 3-69 3-138

First Solar Residential Installations

Figure 3-70 3-139

Norwegian Prime Minister, Mr. Jens Stoltenberg

Visits the Rural Electrification Project in India

Figure 3-71 3-142

Solar Energy Initiatives Home Solar System

Table 3-72 3-143

Solar Energy Residential Initiatives

Figure 3-73 3-147

Solar World Solar Module

Figure 3-74 3-147

Solar World Residential Modules

Figure 3-75 3-148

Solar Energy Solar Park Development

Table 3-76 3-152

G24 Sun Light™:Functions

Figure 3-77 3-154

G24 Solar Powered Light.

Photovoltaic Solar Technology

Figure 4-1 4-4

Cross Section of Typical CIGS Solar Cell

Figure 4-2 4-6

Photovoltaic PV Theoretical Limits

Table 4-3 4-8

Fist Solar Technology Advantages

Figure 4-4 4-9

First Solar Technology Pathways to Improved Solar

Conversion Efficiency

Figure 4-5 4-11

PV Module Technology & Manufacturing

Figure 4-6 4-12

First Solar Top Down Efficiency of CdTe Technology

Figure 4-7 4-13

Bottom Up Efficiency of CdTe

Figure 4-8 4-15

CdTe Capabilities vs. First Solar Requirements

Figure 4-9 4-16

First Solar Comparison of CdTe to Other Technologies

Figure 4-10 4-17

Tuson Arizona Electric Use of Solar Power

Figure 4-11 4-18

First Solar Improvements in Module Conversion Efficiencies

Table 4-12 4-19

First Solar Roadmap

Figure 4-13 4-20

First Solar Module CdTe Efficiency Gains vs. Crystalline Silicon >3x

Figure 4-14 4-21

Trina Solar Silicon Technology

Figure 4-15 4-23

SunTech Pluto Technology

Figure 4-16 4-30

Thin film Panels

Figure 4-17 4-31

Effect of Shading on Solar Panel Efficiency

Table 4-18 4-37

Polysilicon Producers

Figure 4-19 4-38

Polysilicon Feedstock to Module Competitive Cost Structure

Photovoltaic Solar Company Profiles

Table 5-1 5-17

Canadian Solar Investment Highlights

Figure 5-2 5-33

Energy Conversion Devices Flanders Expo – Gent Facility

Table 5-3 5-34

Uni-Solar Manufacturing Facilities:

Figure 5-4 5-35

ET Solar Group

Figure 5-5 5-40

First Solar Headquarters

Figure 5-6 5-42

First Solar Key Messages

Figure 5-7 5-43

First Solar Research

Figure 5-8 5-43

First Solar Design

Figure 5-9 5-44

First Solar Factory Runrate

Figure 5-10 5-45

First Solar Modules Manufacturing

Figure 5-11 5-46

First Solar European Business Model

Figure 5-12 5-47

First Solar US Business Model

Figure 5-13 5-48

First Solar US Utility Business Model

Figure 5-14 5-51

First Solar Utility Market Progress

Table 5-15 5-52

First Solar Competitive Positioning in Thin Film

Figure 5-16 5-54

First Solar 2010 Guidance Overview

Figure 5-17 5-55

First Solar Contracted Pipeline in Gigawatts

Figure 5-18 5-56

First Solar Pipeline Growth

Figure 5-19 5-58

First Solar Partners

Figure 5-20 5-59

First Solar Sustainable Cost Advantage Through Technology

Figure 5-21 5-60

First Solar Technology Cost Advantage

Figure 5-22 5-61

First Solar Technology Value

Figure 5-23 5-62

First Solar Sustainable Cost Advantage Technology and

Industry Model Migration

Figure 5-24 5-63

First Solar Sustainable Economic Advantage Through Technology

Figure 5-25 5-64

G24 Module Research

Table 5-26 5-65

G24 World Class Dye Sensitized Solar Cell Technology

DSSC Manufacturing Operation:

Table 5-27 5-66

G24I Dye Sensitized Solar Cell Technology Platform Functions

Figure 5-28 5-78

Kyocera Sales By Segment

Figure 5-29 5-79

Kyocera Sales by Region

Figure 5-30 5-80

Kyocera Sales Trends

Table 5-31 5-97

Miasolé Technology Problems Fixed:

Table 5-32 5-104

Oerlikon Coating Core Competencies

Figure 5-33 5-113

Q-Cells Regional Segments

Figure 5-34 5-119

Schott Sales By Region

Figure 5-35 5-124

Sharp Revenue

Figure 5-36 5-125

Sharp Sales By Product Group

Figure 5-37 5-130

Shenzhen Sunshine Electronics

Figure 5-38 5-132

Shenzhen Sunshine Electronics Laminating Machine

Figure 5-39 5-133

Shenzhen Sunshine Electronics Factory Line in Shenzhen

Figure 5-40 5-134

Shenzhen Sunshine Electronics Factory in Hubei:

Figure 5-41 5-135

Shenzhen Sunshine Electronics Solar Airport(Taxiway)

Light Passed Test By "National Center Of Supervision &

Inspection On Electric Light Source Quality (Shanghai)"Nov.28,2008

Figure 5-42 5-149

Solar World Revenue

Figure 5-43 5-151

SolarWorld Group Headquarters

Figure 5-44 5-163

Suntech 2009 Revenue Q3

Figure 5-45 5-165

SunTech Mainland China Activities

Figure 5-46 5-166

SunTech North American Activities

Figure 5-47 5-183

First Solar Sales Channels

Photovoltaic Solar Regional Analysis

Figure 6-1 6-2

Photovoltaic Solar Panel Installed Capacity European

Market Segments, Megawatts, 2009

Table 6-2 6-2

Photovoltaic Solar Panel Installed Capacity European

Market Segments, Megawatts, 2009

Table 6-4 6-3

Solar Regional Market Segments, Dollars, 2009

Figure 6-5 6-4

Solar World Regional Revenue

Figure 6-6 6-4

Solar World Regional Revenue

Figure 6-7 6-5

Canadian Solar Geographical Segmentation

Figure 6-8 6-6

US PV Demand Buildup by State, 2008-2012

Figure 6-9 6-7

Industry Demand Forecast By Country

Figure 6-10 6-10

Regional Growth Opportunities

Figure 6-11 6-13

Public Policies Driving Solar Transition Markets

Figure 6-12 6-20

German Solar Panel Installation

Table 6-13 6-24

Germany's Largest Photovoltaic (PV) Power Plants

Figure 6-14 6-34

Mainland China Solar Positioning

Figure 6-15 6-37

Solar Emerging Markets

Figure 6-16 6-39

Solar Industry Outlook

Concentrated Solar Power (CSP)

Figure 7-1 7-1

Heliostat Sun Tracking Mirror

Table 7-2 7-2

Components Of A CSP System

Figure 7-3 7-3

Parabolic Trough Collectors Producing Superheated Steam

Figure 7-4 7-4

Solar Parabolic Dish With a Stirling Engine

Figure 7-5 7-6

Central Tower Installation Spain

Figure 7-6 7-7

Solar Furnace

Figure 7-7 7-9

Solar Chemical Reactor Under solar Operation

Figure 7-8 7-12

Main Components Of The System At The University

Clinic Of Freiburg: Adsorption Refrigeration Machine

Figure 7-9 7-13

Solar Thermal System

Table 7-10 7-16

Key Elements In A Solar Cell

Table 7-11 7-17

Key Main Categories Of Technology In A Solar Cell

Photovoltaic Large Utility Solar Plants

Table 8-1 8-1

Large Utility Solar Plants

Figure 8-2 8-2

Large-Scale Photovoltaic Power Plants

Figure 8-3 8-3

Largest Solar Plants

Figure 8-4 8-3

Germany, Turnow-Preilack 54MW

Table 8-5 8-4

Solar Plants Under Construction Germany, Straßkirchen

Figure 8-6 8-4

Spain, Puertollano 50MW

Figure 8-7 8-5

Portugal, Moura (Alentejo) 46MW

Figure 8-8 8-5

Germany, Brandis 40MW

Figure 8-9 8-6

Spain, Trujillo (Cáceres) 35MW

Figure 8-10 8-6

Spain, Arnedo (La Rioja) 34MW

Figure 8-11 8-7

Spain, Merida (Extremadura) 30 MW

Figure 8-12 8-8

Spain, Casas de Los Pinos (Castila-La Mancha) 28MW

Figure 8-13 8-8

Spain, Fuente Álamo (Murcia) 26MW

Figure 8-14 8-9

Italy, Montalto di Castro (Lazio) 24MW

Figure 8-15 8-9

Korea, Sinan 24MW

Figure 8-16 8-10

Spain, Lucainena de las Torres (Almeria) 23.2 MW

Figure 8-17 8-10

Spain, Abertura (Caceres) 23.1 MW

Figure 8-18 8-11

Spain, Almaraz (Caceres) 22.06

Figure 8-19 8-11

Spain, El Coronil (Andalucia) 21.47

Figure 8-20 8-12

Spain, Calavéron 21.2 MW

Figure 8-21 8-12

Korea, Seoul 20 MW

Figure 8-22 8-13

Spain, Calasparra (Murcia) 20 MW

Figure 8-23 8-13

Spain, Beneixama (Alicante) 20MW