Push to Talk over Cellular (PoC) Market Shares, Market Forecasts, and Market Strategies,

2008-2014

Table of Contents

Push to Talk over Cellular (PoC) Executive Summary 1

Push to Talk Services Implement IP Session Control ES-1

Push to Talk Service As An Integral Part Of An IP

Multimedia Communication Portfolio ES-3

PTT Session Management ES-4

3G Deployments Support IP Applications ES-5

Push To Talk Is Powerful As A Technology / Works Like A Browser ES-5

Impact of Style on Push Technology Handsets ES-6

Enterprise Push Technology Data Messaging

Systems From IBM and Tibco ES-7

Interoperability With The Next Generation Products ES-7

Push-To-Talk Over Cellular (PoC) Reliability ES-7

Motorola Seamless End-To-End POC Services: ES-8

Push to Talk Market Driving Forces ES-9

Push To Talk Mobile Phone Infrastructure Markets ES-12

Push To Talk Mobile Phone Infrastructure Market Shares ES-12

Push To Talk Mobile Phone Infrastructure and Subscriber

Market Forecasts ES-13

Push to Talk Subscribers and Subscriber Revenue ES-16

1. Push to Talk Market Dynamics, Market Services, and Market Description 1-1

1.1 Sprint Push-to-Talk 1-1

1.1.1 Sprint Nextel Qualcomm QChat 1-2

1.1.2 Samsung / Sprint QChat 1-2

1.1.3 Sprint Nextel Direct Connect 1-5

1.1.4 Motorola and Sprint / Motorola and Nokia 1-6

1.1.5 Sprint Nextel iDEN Push-to-Talk 1-6

1.2 Kodiak 1-7

1.3 Sonim 1-9

1.4 Internet Broadband Networks 1-9

1.4.1 Google Push to Talk 1-9

1.4.2 Google Internet Services Via Wireless Devices 1-10

1.4.3 AT&T Helps Wireless Business GPS-Enabled,

Location-Based Services Solution 1-11

1.4.4 AT&T's BlackBerry 8800 TeleNav Track 1-12

1.4.5 AT&T's Wireless Business-To- Business PTT 1-12

1.4.6 AT&T Wireless Push to Talk 1-12

1.4.7 Verizon Wireless Push to Talk 1-13

1.4.8 Decline of Wireless Analog Networks 1-13

1.4.9 Sprint Joins Open Handset Alliance 1-13

1.4.10 Sprint restates commitment to iDEN 1-14

1.4.11 Sprint Expands EV-DO Rev. A Network 1-14

1.4.12 Sprint Commercial Availability Of The High

Performance Push-To-Talk Service 1-15

1.4.13 Sprint Push to Talk Fleet Management ROI 1-16

1.4.14 Qualcomm QChat® Push-To-Talk Solution 1-17

1.5 Push-to-Talk (PTT) Communications Services 1-17

1.5.1 PTT Services Move Past Proprietary Network 1-18

1.5.2 Principle Of Communication Behind The

Push To Talk Service 1-18

1.5.3 Push To Talk Service Integral Part Of IP

Multimedia Communication Portfolio 1-20

1.6 OMA Standard Impacts Push-To-Talk Over Cellular 1-20

1.6.1 Push-to-Experience Ecosystem 1-22

1.7 Push-to-Talk Voice Equivalent Of Instant Messaging 1-23

1.7.1 Advances in PTT Bring Interconnectivity Of

Different Networks 1-23

1.8 Fixed-Mobile Convergence 1-24

1.9 Nokia Group Summary of Services 1-26

1.10 Push-To-Talk Over Cellular (PoC) 1-28

1.10.1 PoC Traffic Runs Over IP, Users Can Use Data Compression 1-29

1.11 Push To Talk Two-Way Communication 1-29

1.11.1 Push to Talk Market Definition 1-30

1.11.2 Push To Talk Target Markets 1-31

1.11.3 Push To Talk Service Application Servers Functions 1-32

1.11.4 Calls Started With A Push Of A Key And Connected Directly 1-35

1.12 Push To Talk Real-Time Voice Communications Service 1-36

1.12.1 Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) 1-37

1.13 Push To Talk Functions 1-39

1.13.1 Push To Talk Integrated Hands free Functionality 1-40

1.14 Presence Based Instant Text Service 1-40

1.15 Instant Talk Type Of Services 1-42

1.16 Push to Talk Positioning 1-43

1.17 Push to Talk Handsets 1-44

1.17.1 Sprint Nextel Push to Talk Handsets 1-45

1.18 Kodiak Commercial Handsets for Push to Talk 1-47

1.18.1 ASUS 1-49

1.19 UTStarCom POC Networks 1-49

2. Push to Talk (PTT) Market Shares and Market Forecasts 2-1

2.1 Push to Talk Market Driving Forces 2-1

2.1.1 Push-To-Talk Market Goals 2-3

2.1.2 "Push-to-X" 2-8

2.1.3 PTT over Cellular (PoC) 2-8

2.2 Push To Talk Mobile Phone Infrastructure Markets 2-14

2.2.1 Push To Talk Mobile Phone Infrastructure Market Shares 2-14

2.2.2 Push To Talk Mobile Phone Infrastructure Market Forecasts 2-16

2.2.3 Manufacturers of PTT infrastructure 2-17

2.2.4 Kodiak 2-19

2.2.5 Kodiak Strategically Positioned To Leverage

Existing Infrastructure 2-19

2.2.6 Sonim Develops POC 2-20

2.2.7 Sonim 2-20

2.2.8 Motorola 2-20

2.3 Push To Talk Subscriber Market Shares 2-21

2.3.1 Sprint Push to Talk Revenue 2-22

2.3.2 Sprint Nextel 2007 Direct Connect 90 Billion Push-To-Talk Connections 2-25

2.3.3 Sprint 2-26

2.3.4 Push to Talk Services 2-27

2.4 Infrastructure for PTT 2-28

2.4.1 UTStarcom Infrastructure for PTT 2-28

2.4.2 UTStarcom 2-29

2.5 Push To Talk Mobile Phone Market Participants 2-31

2.5.1 Manufacturers of PTT Mobile Phones 2-31

2.5.2 Sonim Technologies 2-32

2.5.3 Kodiak Networks 2-32

2.5.4 Ericsson 2-33

2.6 Push To Talk Costs 2-34

2.6.1 Push to Talk Systems Integration Costs 2-34

2.7 Push to Talk Subscriber Revenue Analysis 2-35

2.7.1 Comparison between POC vs. IDEN performance 2-36

2.7.2 Reasons For Poor Adoption Of PoC Over The World 2-36

2.8 Subscribers By Region 2-37

2.8.1 Discussion of the Push To Talk Market 2-40

2.8.2 Qualcomm and Lucent QChat Call Set-Up Performance And Bandwidth Savings 2-42

2.8.3 Mobile Subscribers 2-43

2.8.4 Push to Talk Handset Shipments 2-44

2.9 GPRS-Based PTT and iDEN PTT Applications 2-47

2.9.1 Push to Talk Applications Analysis 2-50

2.9.2 Small-Screen Rendering Technology 2-53

2.9.3 Sprint / Nextel® Walkie-Talkie Push to Talk Pricing 2-53

2.9.4 MMS 2-70

2.10 Cellular Infrastructure Markets 2-70

2.10.1 Base Station Analysis 2-73

2.10.2 Wireless Infrastructure Segments 2-74

2.10.3 Base Station Controllers BSC Replaced By Radio

Network Controllers RNC In 3 G 2-78

2.10.4 Macro Base Stations 2-81

2.10.5 Node B System Requirements 2-81

2.10.6 Wireless Networks 2-83

2.10.7 Base Station Installation Analysis 2-85

2.10.8 Wireless PAS Network Solutions 2-87

2.11 High Availability High Reliability One to N Base Station Telecommunications Middleware Market Shares 2-90

2.11.1 High Availability One to N Middleware Software For Wireless Base Station Telecommunications Market Shares 2-90

2.11.2 Hughes AIReach 2-92

2.11.3 High Availability High Reliability One to N

Middleware Software For Wireless Base Station

Telecommunications Market Forecasts 2-93

2.11.4 Push To Talk Enterprise Workgroup Market Forecasts 2-96

2.11.5 Affinity Groups Including Business And Consumer Groups 2-100

2.12 Push to Talk Regional Analysis 2-101

2.12.1 Motorola PoC Deployed Across Markets Worldwide 2-101

2.12.2 Clarity PTT Serving The World Of Smallish Carriers 2-102

2.12.3 In Canada 2-102

2.12.4 In Slovakia 2-103

2.12.5 Growth of Chinese Mobile Handset Market 2-103

2.12.6 Wireless Market Regional Analysis 2-106

2.12.7 Nokia and Siemens Dominate The European

Mobile PTT Phone Market 2-107

2.12.8 Adoption In The US Particularly From Sprint 2-107

2.12.9 Driving Forces Of Wireless Infrastructure Market 2-107

3. Push to Talk Cellular (PTT) Product Description 3-1

3.1 Kodiak Networks 3-1

3.1.1 Kodiak Uses The Cellular Voice Channels --

Transit Delay Is On The Order Of 200 Msec 3-2

3.1.2 Kodiak Integrates PTT Function With Cell Phone Operation 3-2

3.1.3 Kodiak Mobile Conferencing 3-4

3.1.4 Kodiak Mobile Messaging 3-4

3.1.5 Kodiak Group SMS 3-5

3.1.6 Kodiak Voice Notes 3-5

3.1.7 Kodiak Presence And Contact Management 3-5

3.1.8 Kodiak Push To Talk 3-6

3.1.9 Alltel Service Provided By Kodiak Networks 3-7

3.2 Sonim 3-9

3.2.1 Sonim ICS Product Benefits 3-10

3.2.2 Sonim Technologies Dispatch Manager 3-12

3.2.3 Sonim Technologies Contact Manager 3-13

3.2.4 Sonim Technologies XPS PoC Manager for Connections 3-16

3.2.5 Sonim Instant Communications Solution (ICS) 3-18

3.3 Qualcomm QChat 3-19

3.4 Nokia Siemens Networks 3-20

3.4.1 Nokia / Siemens3G Femto Home Access Solution 3-23

3.4.2 Nokia And Microsoft To Deliver Windows

Live Services To Millions Of Mobile Customers 3-24

3.4.3 Nokia Siemens Networks’ PoC Solution 3-25

3.4.4 China Mobile Group Beijing Co. Ltd (CMBJ) has

Nokia Siemens Networks Push-to-Talk over Cellular (PoC) Solution 3-26

3.5 Motorola 3-31

3.5.1 Motorola PTT Server Solution 3-33

3.5.2 Motorola IP Multimedia Subsystem – Based PT Solution 3-35

3.5.3 Motorola PTT over Cellular (PoC) 3-36

3.5.4 Motorola Push-To-Talk over Cellular Integrated Handset /

Client / Server Solution 3-38

3.5.5 Motorola Push-To-Talk over Cellular Flexible Configuration 3-38

3.5.6 Motorola Push-To-Talk over Cellular (PoC) Reliability 3-43

3.5.7 Motorola Seamless End-To-End POC Services: 3-43

3.5.8 Motorola PoC Flexible Configuration: 3-44

3.5.9 Motorola Deployment Service: 3-46

3.5.10 Motorola Installation, Integration & Commissioning Service: 3-47

3.5.11 Key Elements Of Motorola Optimization Service 3-50

3.5.12 Motorola PTT Operations Service 3-52

3.5.13 Motorola Network Security Assessment 3-52

3.5.14 Operator Partners Benefit From Motorola PoC Solutions 3-53

3.5.15 Motorola PoC Basic Solution 3-56

3.5.16 Motorola Push-To-Xperience (PTX) 3-57

3.5.17 Motorola Solutions For Small, Medium, Large Operators 3-58

3.5.18 Motorola’s Push-To-Talk Over Cellular

Flexible Billing Solutions 3-59

3.5.19 Motorola iDEN Push To Talk 3-61

3.5.20 Motorola PoC Client For Symbian 3-65

3.6 Airvana Push-to-Talk Software Over EV-DO Network 3-66

3.7 Clarity Communication Systems 3-67

3.7.1 Clarity Communication Systems Hosted

Push-to-Talk (PTT) Presence Services 3-67

3.7.2 Clarity inTouch Push-to-Talk Hosting Solution

For Tier Two And Tier Three CDMA Wireless Carriers 3-68

3.7.3 Clarity inTouch Push-to-Talk System (PTT)

and Location Based Service (LBS) In One Application 3-72

3.7.4 Clarity inTouch Push-to-Talk System Where2Talk Application 3-72

3.7.5 Location-Based Services 3-74

3.8 Celtius Push-to-Talk VAS SDK 3-75

3.9 Research In Motion BlackBerry Devices 3-77

3.9.1 RIM BlackBerry Support Of Major E-Mail

Platforms Exchange, Lotus Notes, and GroupWise 3-78

3.9.2 RIM Sells Into The Enterprise 3-79

3.10 Microsoft Adds Push E-Mail 3-79

3.11 Cisco Model 7921 3-80

3.11.1 Cisco PTT VoIP 3-80

3.12 S2 Technologies Software Verification

Platform for Dual-Mode Wireless Handset 3-81

3.13 Conaito Technologies VoIP Evo 3-81

3.13.1 AT&T BlackBerry Push To Talk PTT 3-83

3.13.2 BlackBerry Curve 3-85

3.13.3 BlackBerry Desktop Software Roxio(R) Media Manager 3-88

3.13.4 Unlimited Cingular Push to Talk Service 3-88

3.14 Ericsson 3-89

3.15 Mobilemonday Shanghai Push to Talk 3-91

3.16 UT StarCom PAS System Specifications 3-92

3.16.1 UTStarcom mSwitch™ 3-92

3.16.2 UTStarcom Total Control® 1000 Enhanced Data System 3-92

3.16.3 UTStarcom 8250 Personal Communications

Management System (PCMS) 3-93

3.16.4 UTStarcom Network Migration — from Wireline to Wireless 3-94

3.16.5 UT Starcom iPAS Advantages 3-96

3.16.6 UT Starcom IPAS Mobile Local Loop Solutions 3-98

3.17 Research In Motion BlackBerry Devices 3-101

3.17.1 RIM BlackBerry Support Of Major E-Mail

Platforms Exchange, Lotus Notes, and GroupWise 3-102

3.17.2 RIM Sells Into The Enterprise 3-103

3.18 Microsoft Adds Push E-Mail 3-103

3.19 Cisco Model 7921 3-104

3.19.1 Cisco PTT VoIP 3-104

3.20 S2 Technologies Software Verification

Platform for Dual-Mode Wireless Handset 3-105

3.21 Ericsson 3-110

4. Push to Talk over Cellular Technology 4-1

4.1 Open Systems 4-1

4.1.1 Open Web Services Technology 4-1

4.1.2 Open Standards To Define A Common Event 4-2

4.1.3 Open Systems 4-2

4.2 Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) 4-3

4.2.1 IBM Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) 4-5

4.2.2 SOA Business Challenge IT Imperative 4-5

4.2.3 Service-Oriented Architecture And Relevant Standards 4-6

4.3 Push to Talk New Standard Required 4-8

4.3.1 Ericsson, Nokia, Motorola and Siemens Collaborated On A PoC Standard For OMA (Open Mobile Alliance) 4-8

4.3.2 Sonim Push to Talk Standards Participation 4-8

4.3.3 Nokia Push to Talk Services Open Standards 4-9

4.3.4 Open Mobile Alliance 4-10

4.3.5 Drive Toward A Consistent IMS Environment Between GSM And CDMA2000 4-11

4.3.6 IMS 4-12

4.3.7 Joint Specification for 3GPP IMS Based Push to Talk over Cellular (PoC) Technology 4-13

4.3.8 PoC Faces Stumbling Block Of Interoperability 4-14

4.4 Testing Push-To-Talk Over Cellular 4-15

4.4.1 Data Packets May Be Delayed Or Re-Ordered 4-18

4.5 UTStarcom iPAS Interconnects With The Existing PSTN 4-19

4.6 Agilent Direct / Agilent Open PTT Testing 4-21

4.7 GPRS RTT Call Set-UP 4-23

4.8 Motorola / Nextel Communications Mobile Push To Talk Technology 4-25

4.8.1 Sprint Plans On Implementing Qualcomm's QChat 4-25

4.8.2 Mobile Tornado, Motorola, Nokia, Ericsson, Siemens, Sonim, Wireless ZT SIP and RTP protocols 4-25

4.9 700MHz Spectrum 4-26

4.9.1 Google 700MHz Spectrum Positioning 4-27

4.9.2 AT&T and Verizon Wireless 700MHz Spectrum 4-28

4.10 3G Femto Cells 4-28

4.10.1 Multivendor Iu Femto Gateway 4-29

4.11 Jennic Full Duplex Reference Design 4-33

4.12 Wind and Solar Powered Cell Site 4-34

4.13 Push To Talk Technologies 4-36

4.14 Key Technologies 4-39

4.14.1 Java Technology 4-41

4.14.2 Evolving Technologies 4-42

4.14.3 Packet based Networks And Application Wireless Technology 4-47

4.15 Mobile Web Services 4-49

4.16 Mobile Terminal Software Architecture 4-51

4.17 Platforms 4-54

4.17.1 Software Components 4-58

4.17.2 Standards Organizations 4-59

4.18 Ericsson, Nokia and Siemens Unified Solution For Push To Talk Over GPRS 4-60

4.18.1 Push To Talk Over GPRS and EDGE Networks 4-61

4.19 IP Multimedia System (IMS) 4-62

4.19.1 Push to talk service 4-63

4.19.2 GPRS and UMTS Stacks 4-63

4.19.3 Node B Application 4-66

4.19.4 Radio Network Control Stack 4-66

4.20 Nokia Series 60 Software Platform 4-67

4.21 Impact Of Text Messaging 4-68

4.21.1 24 Billion SMS Messages 4-72

4.22 SIP 4-72

4.22.1 IP Prepaid Services 4-74

4.22.2 MMS Messaging 4-74

4.22.3 Mobile Commerce 4-76

4.22.4 Transaction Messaging 4-77

4.22.5 Entertainment 4-78

4.22.6 Games 4-78

4.22.7 List Of Mobile Entertainment Functions 4-78

4.23 Corporate Applications 4-80

4.24 WCDMA 4-81

4.25 TETRA (Terrestrial Trunked Radio) 4-81

4.26 EDGE Technology 4-82

4.27 Symbian Applications 4-84

4.28 Dynamic and Shared Memory VS. Static Memory 4-85

4.28.1 Shared Memory 4-86

4.29 Technologies Connecting Terminals, Networks, And Applications 4-87

4.30 Web Services 4-89

4.30.1 SOAP 4-89

4.30.2 SOAP Framework 4-90

4.30.3 Framework For Developing Web Services 4-90

4.30.4 Apache SOAP 4-91

4.30.5 Load balancer with SSL support 4-91

4.30.6 Points Of Failure 4-92

4.30.7 SOAP Limitations 4-93

4.30.8 SOAP Protocol Uses Multi-Step Process 4-93

4.30.9 Framework Benefits 4-94

4.30.10 SOAP Test Strategies 4-94

4.30.11 SOAP Solutions 4-96

4.30.12 WSDL 4-96

4.30.13 WSDL Service Descriptions 4-97

4.30.14 UDDI Registry 4-98

4.30.15 UDDI Test Registries 4-98

4.30.16 UDDI Distributed Web Service Discovery 4-99

4.30.17 UDDI Consortium 4-100

4.30.18 WS-Inspection Document Extensibility 4-100

4.30.19 Language XSLT 4-101

4.30.20 OASIS 4-102

4.30.21 Open Applications Group OAGIS Standards 4-103

4.30.22 Readily Accessible Application-Level Services 4-104

4.31 Mobile Terminal Software Architecture 4-105

4.31.1 Browser Impact On The Mobile Terminal Software 4-106

4.31.2 Photo Exchange 4-107

4.31.3 Games Over I-Mode 4-108

4.32 Mobile Operating System Function 4-108

4.33 Mozilla 4-110

4.33.1 Wireless Industry Java Technology 4-110

4.34 Symbian Multitasking System 4-111

4.34.1 Symbian Multithreading And Co-Operative Multitasking 4-111

4.34.2 Multithreading 4-112

4.34.3 Co-operative multitasking 4-112

4.34.4 Asynchronous Message Oriented Middleware 4-114

4.34.5 IBM WebSphere Middleware Messaging Product De Facto Industry Standard 4-115

5. Push to Talk over Cellular (PTT) Company Profiles 5-1

5.1 Agilent Technologies Extends NgN Analysis System to

End-to-End Management of IMS Services 5-1

5.1.1 Agilent Technologies (NYSE: A) NgN Analysis System 5-1

5.1.2 Agilent's NgN Analysis System 5-2

5.2 AT&T 5-3

5.3 Celtius 5-4

5.3.1 CeltiPoC/Presence Server Suite 5-5

5.3.2 CeltiServers Implement Standard Interfaces 5-7

5.3.3 CeltiPoC/Presence Server Suite Suite Editions and Features 5-7

5.4 Clarity Communication Systems 5-9

5.4.1 Clarity Communication Systems (inTouch) PTT system. 5-9

5.5 Conaito 5-11

5.6 Kodiak Networks (16 live installations) 5-11

5.6.1 Kodiak Connected Portfolio 5-12

5.6.2 Kodiak Conferencing 5-12

5.6.3 Kodiak Messaging 5-12

5.6.4 Kodiak PTT Presence Manager 5-13

5.6.5 Kodiak Customer Base 5-13

5.7 Jennic 5-14

5.8 Mobile Tornado 5-14

5.9 Motorola 5-18

5.9.1 Motorola Customers 5-19

5.9.2 Motorola Products 5-20

5.10 Nokia Siemens Networks 5-33

5.10.1 Nokia Siemens Networks A New Company 5-35

5.11 Qualcomm QChat (1 Live install in the works} 5-38

5.11.1 Qualcomm Push to Talk for WCDMA and EV-DO Chipsets 5-40

5.12 Research In Motion (RIM) 5-40

5.12.1 BlackBerry RIM technology 5-41

5.13 SONIM 5-41

5.13.1 Sonim End-To-End Mobile VoIP Platform 5-41

5.13.2 Sonim Founding Author Of The OMA 5-42

5.13.3 Sonim Enables GSM and CDMA Wireless Data Networks 5-42

5.13.4 Sonim Product Categorization 5-43

5.14 Sprint Nextel 5-44

5.14.1 Sprint Data Services 5-44

5.14.2 Sprint Agreements with Motorola 5-46

5.14.3 Migrating Customers From iDEN to CDMA

Utilizing PowerSource Devices 5-52

5.14.4 Sprint Nextel 5-57

5.15 UTStarcom 5-59

5.15.1 UTStarcom IP Access Innovation 5-60

5.16 WirelessZT (15 Countries / Installations) 5-62

List of Tables and Figures

Table ES-1 ES-11

Push to Talk Cellular Market Driving Forces

Figure ES-2 ES-12

Worldwide Push to Talk Server and Software

Infrastructure Market Shares, Dollars, 2007

Figure ES-3 ES-13

Worldwide Push to Talk Software and Server

Infrastructure Market Forecasts, 2008-2014

Table ES-4 ES-14

Worldwide Push to Talk Subscribers

Market Forecasts, Subscribers and Dollars, 2008-2014

Figure 1-1 1-3

Sprint Samsung FCC QChat Telephones

Figure 1-2 1-8

Kodiak Networks Commercial Deployments

Table 1-3 1-27

Nokia Group Summary of Services

Table 1-4 1-31

Push to Talk Target Markets

Table 1-5 1-34

Push To Talk Service Application Servers Functions

Table 1-6 1-37

Push To Talk Application Server Functions

Table 1-7 1-42

Push to Talk Expanded Capabilities

Table 1-8 1-45

Sprint Nextel Direct Connect handsets

Figure 1-9 1-46

Sprint Nextel Direct Connect Motorola Handsets

Figure 1-10 1-48

Kodiak Commercial Handsets for Push to Talk

Table 2-1 2-2

Push to Talk Cellular Market Driving Forces

Table 2-2 2-5

Push-To-Talk Market Goals

Table 2-3 2-6

Push-To-Talk Customer Challenges And System Benefits:

Table 2-4 2-9

Number of GSM Connections by Region

Table 2-5 2-10

Number of 3GSM Connections by Region

Table 2-6 2-11

Number of Wireless Connections by Technology

Table 2-7 2-12

Worldwide Wireless Subscriber Connections,

Market Segments By Technology, 2007

Table 2-8 2-13

Worldwide GSM And CDMA Connections,

Number and Percent, 2007

Figure 2-9 2-14

Worldwide Push to Talk Server and Software

Infrastructure Market Shares, Dollars, 2007

Table 2-10 2-15

Worldwide Push to Talk Server and Software Infrastructure

Market Shares, Dollars, 2007

Figure 2-11 2-16

Worldwide Push to Talk Software and Server Infrastructure

Market Forecasts, 2008-2014

Table 2-12 2-17

Worldwide Push to Talk Server and Software Infrastructure

Market Forecasts, 2008-2014

Table 2-13 2-18

Push To Talk PTT and PTT Over Cellular Infrastructure

Table 2-14 2-22

Worldwide Push to Talk Services

Market Shares, Dollars, 2007

Table 2-15 2-24

Sprint Nextel has 49.1 Million subscribers in 2008

Table 2-16 2-28

Leading Push-To-Talk Solution Direct Connect™ from Sprint Nextel Benefits

Table 2-17 2-30

Service Provider Build-Out Of The Next Generation 3G Systems

Table 2-18 2-31

Selected Manufacturers of PTT Mobile Phones

Figure 2-19 2-33

Ericsson Push to Talk Web 2.0 Mobile Services

Table 2-20 2-38

Worldwide Push to Talk Subscribers

Market Forecasts, Subscribers and Dollars, 2008-2014

Table 2-21 2-44

Worldwide Wireless Subscriber Forecasts by Region,

Millions of Subscribers, 2007-2013

Table 2-22 2-45

Worldwide 2G, 2.5G, and 3G Push to Talk Handset

Market Forecasts, Shipments, 2007-2013

Figure 2-23 2-46

Worldwide Push to Talk Handset Shipments Market

Forecasts, Units, 2007-2013

Table 2-24 2-47

Worldwide Push to Talk Handset Market Forecasts,

Shipments, 2007-2013

Table 2-25 2-48

GPRS-based PTT and iDEN PTT Vertical Sectors

Applications

Table 2-26 2-49

GPRS-Based PTT Consumer Market Applications 2-49

Table 2-27 2-52

Worldwide Cellular Push to Talk Application Market

Segments, 2008 2-52

Table 2-28 2-54

Selected Examples of Sprint / Nextel Power Pack Plans

Including Push to Talk Pricing 2-54

Table 2-29 2-71

Worldwide Cell Sites by Region Market Segments, 2007 2-71

Figure 2-30 2-72

Motorola PTT System Architecture 2-72

Figure 2-31 2-74

Global Wireless Infrastructure Market Segments, 2008 2-74

Table 2-32 2-76

Factors Contributing To Mobile Systems Infrastructure Growth 2-76

Figure 2-33 2-79

Base Station Controllers 2.5 g / Radio Network Controllers

In 3 G Wireless Networks 2-79

Table 2-34 2-80

Wireless Network Interface Line Card Functions: 2-80

Table 2-35 2-82

Node B System Requirements 2-82

Table 2-36 2-84

Service Provider Build-Out Of The Next Generation 3G Systems 2-84

Table 2-37 2-88

Market Positioning for UTStarcom PAS Solutions 2-88

Figure 2-38 2-91

Worldwide High Availability Telco One to N Base

Station Infrastructure Market Shares, Dollars, 2006 2-91

Figure 2-39 2-92

Worldwide High Availability Telco One To N Base

Station Infrastructure Market Shares, Dollars, 2006 2-92

Figure 2-40 2-94

Worldwide High Availability Telco One To N Base

Station Infrastructure Market Forecasts, Dollars, 2007 to 2013 2-94

Figure 2-41 2-95

Worldwide High Availability Telco One To N Base

Station Infrastructure Market Forecasts, Dollars, 2007 to 2013 2-95

Figure 2-42 2-96

Worldwide High Availability Telco One To N Base

Station Infrastructure Market Forecasts, Dollars, 2007 to 2013 2-96

Figure 2-43 2-98

Sprint Nextel Trends in Wireless and Broadband 2-98

Figure 2-44 2-99

Motorola View Of Enterprise Mobility 2-99

Figure 2-45 2-104

Growth of Chinese Mobile Handset Market 2-104

Figure 2-46 2-105

Growth of Chinese Mobile Handset Market Dependent on

Mobile Instant Messaging (IM) 2-105

Table 3-1 3-3

Kodiak PTT Functions

Figure 3-2 3-10

Sonim SmartFlow PTT Data Distribution

Table 3-3 3-11

Sonim Technologies Infrastructure Solutions For PTT

Table 3-4 3-12

Sonim Technologies Functions

Table 3-5 3-13

Sonim Technologies Push to Talk Target Markets:

Table 3-6 3-14

Sonim Technologies Contact Manager Features

Table 3-7 3-15

Sonim Technologies Contact Manager Benefits

Table 3-8 3-16

Sonim Technologies Connection Manager

Table 3-9 3-17

Sonim Technologies XPS 3.0: Functions

Table 3-10 3-18

Sonim Technologies Benefits of XPS PoC Manager

Table 3-11 3-21

Minimum Requirements Met By Nokia PTT Solutions:

Table 3-12 3-22

Nokia PTT Business Users Solution Target Markets:

Figure 3-13 3-28

Nokia Widescreen Multimedia Smartphone Push to Talk Device

Figure 3-14 3-29

Selected Nokia Push to Talk Devices

Figure 3-15 3-33

Motorola PTT System Architecture

Figure 3-16 3-34

Motorola PTT Works Across Many Platforms

Figure 3-17 3-36

Motorola Networks PTT Systems Architecture Approach

Table 3-18 3-39

Motorola Push-To-Talk over Cellular Flexible Configuration

Figure 3-19 3-40

Motorola Push-To-Talk over Cellular (PoC) Over IP Network

Table 3-20 3-42

Motorola Push-To-Talk over Cellular PoC Functions

Table 3-21 3-45

Motorola Broad Set of Services:

Table 3-22 3-46

Motorola Deployment Services

Table 3-23 3-48

Motorola Deployment Services Functions

Table 3-24 3-51

Key Elements Of Motorola Optimization Service

Table 3-25 3-55

Motorola OMA PoC Benefits

Table 3-26 3-56

Benefits of Motorola PoC Services:

Table 3-27 3-60

Motorola’s Push-To-Talk Over Cellular Flexible Billing

Solution Subscriber Criteria Features

Table 3-28 3-70

Clarity's inTouch Push-to-Talk system Key Product Features:

Table 3-29 3-73

Clarity inTouch Push-to-Talk System Applications

Capabilities From The Mobile Phone and From the Dispatch Console

Table 3-30 3-76

Celtius Push-to-Talk Value-Added Services VAS SDK Functions

Figure 3-31 3-77

Celtius Push-to-Talk Value-Added Services VAS Architecture

Table 3-32 3-82

conaito VoIP Evo VoIP Client Features

Table 3-33 3-86

BlackBerry Curve from AT&T Push to Talk (PTT) Features

Figure 3-34 3-91

Mobilemonday Shanghai Content Application

Development for Push to Talk

Table 3-35 3-94

UTStarcom System Specifications

Table 3-36 3-96

UTStarcom Personal Handyphone System (PHS) Air

Interface Specifications

Table 3-37 3-97

UT Starcom iPAS Advantages

Table 3-38 3-100

UT Starcom IPAS Mobile Local Loop Solutions Advantages:

Table 4-1 4-4

Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) Functions

Figure 4-2 4-10

Network Architecture Of OMA PoC Solution

Table 4-3 4-16

Push-To-Talk Over Cellular Network Elements And

Functions That Have To Comply With The Standards

Table 4-4 4-19

UTStarcom iPAS Architecture

Figure 4-5 4-20

UTStarcom PAS Architecture

Figure 4-6 4-22

Agilent Push to Cellular Test Set Up

Figure 4-7 4-23

GPRS RTT Call Set-Up Functions

Figure 4-8 4-24

Wireless Internet (IP) Technologies Used for Push to Talk

Table 4-9 4-26

700MHz Spectrum Auction Openness Principles

Figure 4-10 4-30

Schematic Diagram Of The Intelligent Service Node

Figure 4-11 4-31

SIP As Key Convergence Protocol

Figure 4-12 4-32

Operator Business Support System

Table 4-13 4-37

Push To Talk Technologies

Table 4-14 4-39

Primary Mobile Services Technologies For Operators And Developers

Table 4-15 4-44

Wireless Handset Evolving Technologies

Table 4-16 4-45

Wireless Handset Messaging Technologies

Table 4-17 4-46

Wireless Handset Content Technologies

Table 4-18 4-48

Software Building Blocks Of A Mobile Terminal

Table 4-19 4-52

Browser Mobile Terminal Software Aspects

Table 4-20 4-55

Mobile Terminal Platform Architecture Modules and Standards

Table 4-21 4-58

Wireless Types of Messaging

Table 4-22 4-73

SIP Solutions Types

Table 4-23 4-79

List Of Mobile Entertainment Functions

Table 4-24 4-87

Software Building Blocks Of A Mobile Terminal

Table 4-25 4-94

SOAP-Based Web Service Production Environment Testing

Table 4-26 4-102

XSLT Transformation of XML

Figure 5-1 5-6

CeltiPoC/Presence Server Suite Component And Its Tasks

Figure 5-2 5-8

Celtius Push to Talk Presence Network Layers

Table 5-3 5-17

Mobile Tornado Partnering

Table 5-4 5-18

Mobile Tornado Scaleable Solutions

Figure 5-5 5-19

Motorola End-to-End Wireless Enterprise Solutions

Figure 5-6 5-30

Motorola View Of Enterprise Mobility

Table 5-7 5-36

Nokia Siemens Networks New Company Positioning

Figure 5-8 5-37

Nokia Siemens Networks Global Presence

Table 5-9 5-45

Sprint Wireless Data Communications Services

Figure 5-10 5-48

Sprint / Nextel Second Quarter 2007 Revenue

Figure 5-11 5-49

Sprint / Nextel Second Quarter 2007 Operating Statistics

Figure 5-12 5-50

Sprint / Nextel Key Operating Metrics

Figure 5-13 5-53

Sprint Nextel Investment in WiMax for Broadband

Figure 5-14 5-58

Sprint Nextel Key Services